Posterior Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT)

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What is optical coherence tomography?

Posterior OCT is an imaging technique that performs an automatic, high-resolution “scan” of the fundus structures. Thus, it allows the different layers of the retina to be viewed in vivo and with micrometric precision up to the choroid (the layer just below) with the latest models.

Thanks to technological innovation, optical coherence tomography also makes it possible to view circulation, giving rise to OCT angiography.

What does posterior OCT involve?

It is a minimally invasive and painless imaging technique, as it involves no contact with the eye. It involves emitting an infrared light that, when reflected on the retina, produces a 3D cross-cut map of the tissue.

To do so, most current equipment uses Spectral Domain (SD) technology, although the IMO also features the first model that uses Swept Source technology. This cutting-edge system further enhances the sophisticated features of OCT by increasing depth up to the choroidal layer and image capture speed.

How is it performed?

Posterior OCT is a very fast test that is performed in the consulting room (around 5 minutes), which does not require any previous patient preparation or pupil dilation.

In what cases is it used?

Posterior Optical Coherence Tomography detects very subtle morphological changes in ocular structures and is therefore essential in diagnosing and monitoring many retinal diseases, such as AMD, macular oedema (one of the complications of diabetic retinopathy or vascular occlusions) and macular epiretinal membrane. OCT measurements are critical when it comes to guiding the ophthalmologist’s therapeutic decision with regard to these pathologies.

Moreover, the technique plays an increasingly important role in the detection and control of the evolution of glaucoma, as it provides detailed information on the layer of nerve fibres in the retina and the optic nerve head.